Cultivation of Cucumber
Cultivation of Cucumber
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. Cucumber is an important summer vegetable commonly grown throughout India. The cucumber plant is a creeper and has a climbing or trailing habit. The tender fruits are eaten raw or with salt in a salad. They are also used as a cooked vegetable. It is also reported that the oil extracted from seeds is good for the brain and body. Drinking water immediately after eating cucumber should be avoided, as it sometimes causes severe indigestion
Common Name of Cucumber in India:
- Kamal Kakdi (Hindi)
- Kakkari (Malayalam)
- Kakdi-Maraihi)
- Dosakaya/Keera (Telugu),
- Vellarikkai (Tamil)
Nutrient Value of Cucumbers:
| Serving Size: 100 g | %DV | |
| Calories | 15 kcal | |
| Total Carbohydrate | 3.6 g | 1% |
| Dietary Fiber | 0.5 g | 100.00% |
| Sugar | 1.7 g | 0% |
| Protein | 0.7 g | 46% |
| Cholesterol | 0 | 0% |
| Saturated fat | 1.5 g | 7% |
| Sodium | 2 mg | 0% |
| Potassium | 147 mg | 3% |
| Iron | 0.3 | 2% |
| Calcium | 16 mg | 1% |
| Vitamin D | 0% | |
| Cobalamin | 0% | |
| *Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000-calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. | ||
Soil Requirements for Cucumber Cultivation
Soil and its preparation for Cucumber Cultivation;
Varieties of Cucumber;
Variety | Developed By | Characteristics |
Pusa Barkha | IARI, New Delhi | A first extra early variety of cucumber for Kharif season cultivation for North Indian plains. It is field tolerant to high humidity, high temperature, and downy mildew disease. Ready for first harvesting in 40-45 days after sowing. The average fruit yield is 18.8 t/ha during the Kharif season. |
Pusa Uday | IARI, New Delhi | Suitable for cultivation both in the spring-summer and rainy seasons. Maturity 50-55 days. Average Yield: 155 q/ha, which is 28% higher over the check (Poinsette). |
Punjab Kheera-1 | PAU, Ludhiyana | Released in 2018. It has dark green color fruits which are bitter less, having an average weight of 125gm and an average length of 13–15 cm. harvesting can be done after 45 and 60 days of sowing in September and January month sown crop. It gives an average yield of 304 qtl/acre when it is sown in September and 370qtl/acre when sown in January |
Punjab Naveen | The variety is developed in 2008.This variety of plant has dark green color leaves, fruits are uniformly cylindrical in shape and are light green in color with a smooth surface. The fruits are crispy, bitter free and contain soft seed. It contains high amount of Vitamin C content and contains high quality of dry matter. The variety gets mature within 68 days. The fruit has excellent taste, attractive color and appearance, good in size and texture. It gives an average yield of 70 qtl/acre. | |
DC-83 | IARI, New Delhi | Straight, rudimentary spines, soft skinned with tender and crispy flesh. Harvest at 45-50 DAS, yield potential of 200-250 q/ha. • Seed rate: 1.0- 2.0 kg/ha, Sowing time: Kharif and Spring-summer • States: Punjab, U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand |
DGCH-18 | IARI , New Delhi | Gynoecy based hybrid of cucumber with predominately gynoecious behavior, earliness (45 DAS); suitable for spring summer and Kharif season cultivation. Yield: 240 q/ha • Seed rate: 1.0- 2.0 kg/ha, Sowing time: Kharif and Spring-summer • States: J&K, H.P. and Uttarakhand |
Kashi Nutan | IIVR, Varanasi | Early maturing hybrid, cylindrical long, light green colour with mottling at peduncle end,resistant to downy mildew, suitable for Kharif and summer, yield 17.5 t/ha, S/rate: 350 g/ha. |
Solan Srijan | YSPUH&F,Solan | A prolific fruit bearer gets mature in 55-60 days after sowing. Fruits are cylindrical, crispy, and green in color having 18-22 cm length with an average fruit weight of 255-265 g. Bears around 10-15 fruits /plants.• Average yield is 200-225 q/ha.• Suitable for cultivation in HP and other hilly states |
Heera | KAU, | Light green colour fruit (15.5 cm long, 0.26 kg fruit weight, average yield 73.2 t/ha). Suitable for open and rain shelter cultivation |
Hybrid : DARL 101 | DIBER, Pithoragarh | Specially suited to micro climatic conditions of hilly region. Field tolerant to powdery mildew • Suitable for Uttarakhand |
Hybrid: DARL 102 | DIBER, Pithoragarh | Excellent for hills in open and protected conditions. Field tolerant to powdery mildew and fruit fly.• Suitable for Uttarakhand |
Sowing of Seeds of Cucumber Crop;
Summer crop:January to February.
(b) Seed rate. The seed rate is one kg per acre.
(c) Method of sowing. The seed is sown by a dibbling method at a distance of 1.5 to 2.5 meters (row to row) x 60 to 90 cm (plant to plant). Two to three seeds are sown in each pit.